abstract |
The article
presents the results of regional surveys of bats
in 2010–2020 in places planned for the construction
of wind farms. With the use of modern ultrasonic
detectors, computer programs and an electronic library
of voices, 15 species were found in the Ukrainian
Azov Region. Their highest diversity (11–13 species)
was revealed in places of intensive migration. First
of all, these are the sites Armyansk, Chaplynka,
and Askania-Nova, which are located between the
Dnieper valley and the Crimean Peninsula. Probably,
in this area, bats migrating from the northern and
north-eastern regions cross the land and join those
moving along the Azov coast. The movement of a significant
number of animals is noticeable in the west of the
Molochna River. A relatively large variety of bats
occurs near the sites Botiyevo, Orlivka, and Primorsk,
located directly on the northern shore of the Sea
of Azov, along which the migratory movements of
bats are particularly strong. During winter, with
limited research in this period, 8 species were
found, whereas 13 species during spring and
autumn migrations and 11 species in summer. The
almost complete transformation of the steppe into
agrocoenoses bordered by forest belts and irrigation
canals undoubtedly affected bats in addition to
global warming. In recent years, in all places of
the Ukrainian Azov Region, there has been a decline
in the number of the common pipistrelle (Pipistrellus
pipistrellus) and serotine bats (Eptesicus serotinus),
and an increase in the abundance of the noctule
bat (Nyctalus noctula), Kuhl's pipistrelle (Pipistrellus
kuhlii), Nathusius' pipistrelle (Pipistrellus nathusii),
and parti-coloured bat (Vespertilio murinus). In
all seasons, the least common species were the brown
long-eared bat (Plecotus auritus), Daubenton's bat
(Myotis daubentonii), greater noctule (Nyctalus
lasiopterus), lesser noctule (Nyctalus leisleri),
Savi's pipistrelle (Hypsugo savii), and western
barbastelle (Barbastella barbastellus). |
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